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Sunday, February 21, 2016

Average and unique

I thought this was an interesting NPR interview regarding what it really means to be average (is anyone really?) or unique (is anyone not?). Most of it is with regards to education, but the points made about statistics would seem to apply to general categorizations we make of people (e.g. introvert/extrovert), but also -- to the extent that all psychological criterion take into account the culture of those they are being applied to (pedophilia is not going to mean the same in a culture in which the average marriage age is 13, sadness doesn't necessarily mean your depressed if you are just expressing a culturally appropriate amount of grieving, criminality in one culture is entrepreneurship in another, etc.)  -- to the world of psychology.

Rose talked with us about his new book: The End Of Average: How We Succeed in a World That Values Sameness.

The opening example you use in the book is that in the 1940s, when the Air Force designed cockpits based on the average measurements of the pilots, there were an unacceptable number of crashes. But when they went back and measured thousands of pilots, across 10 body dimensions, they found that zero of them even came close to the "average" on all 10. So they concluded that they had to redesign the seats and so forth to be adjustable to each person.

Body size is a very concrete example of what I call jaggedness. There is no average pilot. No medium-sized people. When you think of someone's size you think of large, medium, small. Our mass-produced approach to clothing reinforces that. But if that were true you wouldn't need dressing rooms.

So dimensions like height and weight and arm length and waist circumference ...

Yes, they're not nearly as correlated as you would think. Height is one-dimensional, but size isn't. People are jagged in size, in intelligence, everything we measure shows the same thing.

I'm going to quote a line from the book, said to psychologist Paul Molenaar, who is arguing for a greater focus on individual difference: "What you are proposing is anarchy!" How do you make decisions about people if you can't use statistics and cutoff scores and compare them to averages?

People feel like if you focus on individuality, everyone's a snowflake, and you can't build a science on snowflakes. But the opposite has been true.

It's not that you can't use statistics, it's just that you don't use group statistics. If I want to know something about my daily spending habits, one straightforward way would be to collect records of what I spend every day. To take an average for myself would be perfectly fine.

So you can generalize across time, but not across people?

We've got to let go of putting a group into a study and taking an average and thinking that's going to be close enough to universal insight.

Now we have something better. We have a natural science of individuality that gives us a surer foundation. We've gotten breakthrough insights in a whole range of research, from cancer to child development.

52 comments:

  1. We've gotten breakthrough insights in a whole range of research, from cancer to child development.commercial stainless steel trash cans

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  2. M.E.

    Have you heard of 'nudge' units? Governments use behavioural insights in service design to shape behaviour towards particular outcomes. They use techniques such as decision framing and experiment with decision-gate placement - in essence, it's manipulation on a mass-scale!

    NSW Govt Nudge Unit

    Behavioural insights goes beyond the rational maximising utility premises of standard economics. It recognises individuals operate under a range of competing priorities. I think it's a very interesting step.

    I'm reminded of this having received a letter in the mail informing me that my tax return was late and did I know that 8/10 people submit their returns on time? Would I like assistance? LOL. Well, I do need to get around to that...

    But there, do you see? That appeal to our normalisation drive? I find it funny but I know it works; I've seen others respond to these messages.


    Individuals are not aggregations of statistics; in other words, individuals are NOT instantiations of models. Rather, the models are derived from data collected about individuals. It's a matter of not confusing the map for the territory again. We can always improve our maps, hence shape our behaviours, even collectively, for better outcomes.

    The question is who is deciding what the 'good' outcomes are. And that comes back to ability to convince, to shape what is considered normal.

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    Replies
    1. hhmmm yes!

      Because 'normal' is where the energy will flow!

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    2. I've never understood why people don't think they are like snowflakes. People are so Complex-of course they are going to be unique in so many ways. And snowflakes all look the same falling from the sky. They are all made the same. Yet they are so intricately unique. Why would people be excluded from this?

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    3. And speaking from a math perspective -averages are derived from uniques. An average is an outcome of unique factors..

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    4. I like your analogy and think you have phrased this very well indeed.

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  3. These claims sound almost socialistic, claiming that there are no average people, that all lies on education, no genetics no nothing. romantic BS clearly. unscientific nonetheless.

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  4. Welcome back, North. I appreciate your unique perspective. Your vision of the world and your philosophical intelligence has always pushed me to opening my mind to what I think has become a more accurate model of perception of reality; out of all the people on this blog who are willing to have civil, constructive conversations, you have been one of the few to have greatly contributed to helping me with my personal growth in achieving a healthier and higher functioning life. You consistently provide for me new knowledge that resonates with me, and that is a cherished gift for me.

    I'll give you an email address to contact me with in due time; a new specialized email seems like a good idea, at least for having conversations with others outside of the blog if I ever find that necessary.

    As for commentary on the blog post topic, perhaps we could say fairly that we could regard normalcy the same way we do with morality: "normal" will always be subjective, and based on context. I think that within any given region of the world, the bottomline expectations of what's expected of normal people will perhaps be heavily influenced by the kind of accepted general norms specific to that region via religion, education, popular philosophy, economy, culture, etc.

    ESTP Sociopath

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    Replies
    1. Thanks ESTP.

      I'm always open to your collaboration because you have a genuine openness and hunger for growth.

      Delete
  5. two weeks ago i was walking the bus stop and three guys were blocking my path up ahead so being the gent i am i maneuvered my body to edge past them, turned around and waited for the bus. one of them start imitating how i walked past them in a mocking way, using his shoulder. at first it didn't annoy me but he kept doing it over and over and looking my way and laughing.

    i observed them for a while (their mannerisms) and i could tell they weren't tough or street wise they were just college mamas boys. i looked at the guy who was mocking me and said "what's your problem" he ignored me and kept laughing i walk up to his face and he tells me to get the fuck out of his face so without thinking i smack the faggot in the chin. he goes down like a ton of bricks and his friend walks towards me i pull him by his jacket with my left hand and smack him with my right. then i walk up to the final guy and he's like "please sir i'm sorry" but at this point im pissed off so i give him a sweet left and right cross and he goes down lol. the first guy was starting to get up so i gave him a swift kick in the mouth and when he dropped a can of mountain dew fell out of his pocket (one of my favorite drinks) so i picked it up and walked down the road sipping the mountain dew lol.

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  6. I just had a candid conversation with my case manager at my housing program about my psychopathy. It was quite pleasant; I told him how I have my grandoise goal of educating the world about psychopathy and the struggles us psychopaths deal with in society, and even if that isn't immediately 100% achievable, I will have still made the kind of impact I wanted to have on the world, however small.

    All thing that happen, happen because it is meant to be so.

    ESTP Sociopath

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    Replies
    1. Thanks for writing this ESTP Sociopath.

      For my own projects, I see hurdles with every test. People will find it very hard to grasp awareness, I think. Even those closest to me and who have seen my journey. Nevertheless, it's something I consider worthwhile, something I enjoy and a beautiful use of my own resources so I will pursue it.

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    2. I am glad you have found your purpose. As the saying goes, "Rome wasn't built in a day". Just keep doing whatever you think is best for you; we should all strive towards our own personal enlightenment and greatness.

      On my own journey towards self-improvement, going towards resistance and taking the "hard way", once I got over the initial hurdles such as frustration, feeling as if I'm getting nowhere fast, the rewards I reaped just kept steadily growing, it became an addictive lifestyle and I find it very fulfilling and enjoyable.

      North, I find that people just like the "results", attributing it to your natural talents, good luck, et cetera, but are put off by the effort needed to achieve it, as it's too "brutally realistic", as if it somehow lost it's "magic", preferring comfort and security over burdens of hard work, hardship and failure.
      Not all of them, of course; I help (within reason, of course) those who genuinely seek help instead of wanting a "feel-good quick solution" that merely serve to satisfy their ego - you just have to have patience and take it slowly, and I find that it not only helps them, but also helps me grow in unexpected ways.

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    3. Thanks Socioempath.

      Growth is -at least for me - a natural mode when I let go and simply flow. I think this is because the human organism is so very adaptable: we are designed to adapt. It's not something that needs to be forced, rather we step out of our own way, it flows naturally.

      And I agree: one must take responsibility for their own freedom.

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    4. I've been spending some of my time this evening ruminating upon how I'll be putting my grander goal into action; it's started with coming out to my immediate environment: the organization my housing isvran by knows, my case manager, staff, and residents of my identity. From here it's a matter of taking broader steps, expanding the immediate circle of acceptance to various other areas. I've effectively opened up to the people who I'm working with for employment, and acceptance has been found there as it would appear. I could go further and reach out to the homeless youth community served by the same organization that has me housed in my apartment and likely do advocacy for homeless youth simultaneously; everything will begin to come together in due time and my efforts will perhaps begin to snowball into something greater.

      Progress will be made; as much as we adapt to society, society must adapt to us.

      ESTP Sociopath

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    5. North; my nature was always to prove that impossible can indeed be possible, despite the general accepted opinions. You can say that I have used my nature to go against my nature (or my weaknesses), and now I enjoy taking on challenges that seem hard and impossible. I had a burning desire to prove that it was possible to improve and eliminate personal weaknesses and I've acted out on that desire. I find it funny and weird when I think about it now, to have used myself to go against myself and improve.

      ESTP; well, once you start doing it and it becomes your habit, you should look forward to doing it as it was the most natural thing in the world. I started small and it gradually grew, and it still goes on. When there is desire, there is also a possibility.

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    6. Absolutely, Socioempath. I have absolute confidence in my ability to achieve my goals; there is zero room for self doubt, my envisioning of lasting personal growth will be achieved (I've already made great progress already, further growth is undeniably acquire-able), and making a future where sociopaths can live in a environment where we can crawl out of the woodwork and become integrated, healthy, utilized for our natural strengths openly in society. It is possible, and I'm making the push for that future.

      ESTP Sociopath

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  7. I'm feeling a bit lost lately. The winter is so dark and I wish it were spring. I belong in the garden. :-) I have been in a state of disbelief . Still. Still so haunted by the fact that someone I loved is so monsterous. Somedays it is like waking up to a world of zombies.

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    Replies
    1. It's okay to feel lost.

      Keep going. Your self will eventually process it all. Time is a gift.

      Delete
    2. Thank you north.:-) I'm glad to hear you have some new perspectives. That is always something to strive towards.

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    3. It's so much to make space for, but you will. It's a physical process, like a knee reconstruction only in your mind. Well, that's how I viewed it and it helped me.

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    4. It is like I had an encounter with an alien. And that is impossible to explain to people. But when I take it out of a relationship context and relate the behaviors I experienced I have found everyone can relate on some level.. Everyone has experienced what I have on some level. Most just aren't aware exactly what it was they experienced.

      Delete
  8. "Now we have something better. We have a natural science of individuality that gives us a surer foundation."

    The "natural science of individuality" that has always been known is knowledge of the heart. Think about it: why did George W. Get 86% approval rating after 9/11? Why is it that a major tragedy brings people together and makes them super empathetic? When things matter - and they matter most when civilization is its infancy - people realize that they have to take care of each other, not just themselves. Such solidarity inevitably leads to love, trust and closeness between people. The variations, "individualism," everyone has to find their own path etc etc all this starts when life gets too comfortable and people forget where they came from.

    I really think that High Schoolers should have mandatory trips to the third world. It'll make them appreciate their lives more and realize that our entertainment culture is a distraction - a dangerous distraction which fools you into thinking everything is about you. Go for it, make it big...never mind the good of society.



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  9. Zella Day's "Sacrifice", from The Divergent Series: Insurgent – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack.


    I don't wanna be touched by the fear in your eyes
    I don't wanna be left for my demons to find

    When the leaves are gone and the beating's sung
    Brings the world bang drums
    [x2]

    Tell me you, will hold me in the golden afterlife
    Yeah, you
    You don't have to die alone tonight

    I will find you in a burning sky
    Where the ashes rain in your mind
    Ohh, ohh
    Sacrifice
    If we're closer to the other side
    And the heavens all start to cry
    Ohh, ohh
    Sacrifice
    Sacrifice
    Sacrifice

    Be a dose of protection through the blood and the tears
    If you losing yourself, then my body is here

    When the leaves are gone and the beating's sung
    Brings the world bang drums
    [x2]

    Tell me you, will hold me in the golden afterlife
    Yeah, you
    You don't have to die alone tonight

    I will find you in a burning sky
    Where the ashes rain in your mind
    Ohh, ohh
    Sacrifice
    Sacrifice
    If we're closer to the other side
    And the heavens all start to cry
    Ohh, ohh
    Sacrifice
    Sacrifice

    If you start running away
    Then there'll be no where to hide
    If you starting running away there'll be no where to hide

    I will find you in a burning sky
    Where the ashes rain in your mind
    Ohh, ohh
    Sacrifice
    If we're closer to the otherside
    And the heavens are starting to cry
    Ohh, ohh
    Sacrifice
    Sacrifice
    I will find you in a burning sky
    Where the ashes rain in your mind
    Ohh, ohh
    Sacrifice
    Sacrifice


    ESTP Sociopath

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  10. The bad machine that is my mind has been hard at work tonight, sifting and re-sifting through information, piecing together usable data, and creating the rough outlined scheme for the reversed engineered outcome that I envision the future of the world to be. I think it's quite possible, with a lot of dedication and luck, and some help from those who would sympathize with my cause and wish to align themselves with me.

    Yes, I think I shall ruminate upon all this much more. There is much to be done.

    ESTP Sociopath

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    Replies
    1. Insecurity & arrogance is a dangerous mix...it ruins the mind and makes you prime material for the minions.

      Delete
    2. Keep going, ESTP.

      My plans are also laid and I have commenced executing. It's a marvellously liberating experience and very unexpected doors are already opening.

      Delete
  11. Replies are playing up.

    @Anon 3:19
    Ignorance is sometimes bliss, right? But I'm not naturally inclined to accept ignorance so it's 'on and take the adventure that comes to us!'

    When I struggled with not having people who could relate to my experience, I noted something similar - that although people may not relate to the full story, they do understand elements like sadness and confusion.


    Share with others who can understand
    They will be few.

    But all feel sadness

    and anger

    and isolation.

    These anyone can understand.

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  12. @Socioempath

    I know what you mean by using yourself against yourself. Perhaps I do it a little differently, and I think of it as using my natural mechanisms to achieve my design.

    But it got me to thinking. Throughout this whole experience, I have created a more balanced self, or should I say I have liberated that balance from within me. I was previously characterised by discipline and achievement, taking pleasure and pride in my ability to plan and execute to achieve outcomes. More recently, I have learned to flow with the experience of life, to relinquish control and open myself up to the vastness of possibility inherent in the universe.

    I now have the tools to expand my vision, explore and traverse and not feel compelled - or unnecessarily driven - to be achieving every single second and yet still be productive towards my particular goals in life. I also retain my capacity for discipline and planning and execution.

    And given my recent breakthrough, I feel those creative aspirations within me, that natural buoyancy and approach orientation to life are now uninhibited in finding expression in my behaviours. And I find it's time to reintroduce discipline to traverse the paths I've chosen.

    This is, I am sure, a genuine turning point or milestone in my journey.

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    1. North I understand what you mean by being more liberated now. Its a strange way to liberate yourself but I figure I am one who has to experience things for myself. This is not my first go around with the sociopath and the last time I channeled my energy and accomplished a lot of things but I really had no understanding. I believe you said the old things didn't help with your experience. I'm trying not to fall back into patterns. The old things really don't help once you see things so differently.

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    2. "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy."

      I am glad you are further improving and finding balance in your life. I think you have struck a pretty nice balance between "emotional" and "logical" (Yin and Yang analogy comes to mind) that works astonishingly miraculous for you.

      I have also had quite a few breaktroughs, and I certainly think I have done an amazing job so far.

      But there's undeniably always room for improvement, and miraculous and exciting new dicoveries that can elevate us even further towards heavens.

      I have read two of the books you reccomended to me so far, The Psychopath's Bible and The Psychopath's Notebook, and gained even further insights. Thank you for the recommendations, Wyatt is certainly a compelling author.

      Delete
  13. Through observation, I've been paying attention to certain conversations on the internet and ruminating upon it; I got to thinking about anonymity, and how I basically take no real precautions to protect it. If you are determined to come find me and verify that who I am is real and my life story is real (to the best of my knowledge it is, although some details may have blurred with memory), then I can't really stop you anyways, the internwt has plenty of skilled people capable of this regardless of what precautions I could take to protect my anonymity. Well, I think to myself, if ultimately the world is seemingly conspiring against me for my very nature that I had no control over occuring, what's the point of hiding? Chances are if you're a psychopath, risk of being outed is inevitable; security is never guaranteed in nature and we should never expect it to be. I guess I could attribute that perspective to my ESTP-ness.

    So if anyone feels like dropping by my place sometime, feel free to do so. I suggest you get a hotel room nearby (about five minutes away via driving is one downtown) as I cannot have guests stay over besides fellow residents of my housing program, and maybe bring lots of weed and blunt wraps. I would like that, and also have intellectual, constructive conversations with you. Perhaps we could take a evening stroll by the waterfront as well.

    ESTP Sociopath

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  15. In the name of God, The Merciful, The Compassionate.

    "And We created not the heaven and the earth and all that is between them in vain. That is the opinion of those who cover up (the truth). And woe unto those who cover up (the truth), from the Fire!

    Shall We treat those who believe and do good works as those who spread corruption in the earth; or shall We treat the pious as the wicked?

    (This is) a Scripture that We have revealed unto thee, full of blessing, that they may ponder its revelations, and that men of understanding may reflect."

    Qur'an 38:27-29

    This place is a faith-booster. I used to be an atheist (ignorant) and say "what BS, who the hell would knowingly reject Truth just to satiate their desires in this temporal world." Thanks to this place, I have confirmation - admittance by one such lost soul - that such people 100% exist.

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    Replies
    1. *Admission* (not admittance)

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    2. I'm going to throw out a question. Are sociopaths ever enraged that normals don't reflect them?

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    3. Speaking for myself, no, if I'm understanding your inquiry correctly. If anything I'm very capable of perceiving perhaps even the smallest amount of psychopathic qualities within normal people, and I find that to be personally appealing to me; they represent a challenge, a potential person to provide greater stimulation for me. Perhaps it's just projection of my cognitive understanding of that person, or they genuinely have traces of psychopathic traits. Either way is fine, they are that way as it is meant to be.

      ESTP Sociopath

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    4. Enraged that "normals" don't reflect us? No. I don't expect people to reflect me, I expect them to comply with me. If someone reflects my assertiveness as opposed to responding to it submissively, they are more likely to elicit my respect, but I will also classify them as a potential challenge, and guard my upper hand. Sometimes particular family members reflect me, and I find it irksome. I don't always like the callous me when it is reflected back in my face, LOL.

      Delete
  16. Socioempath-

    Thank you, for sharing your story.:)

    You and A "bring me back to myself", and I thank you both for that, too!!!

    ESTP was saying that he sees a lot of himself in the "Hannibal Lecter" character in "Silence of the Lambs". I see a lot of myself in the "Jodie Foster" character.:) Maybe that's why, I ask SO MANY QUESTIONS!!! HA!!! LOL!!!

    Do you have a song for me today???

    ~Vegas

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    1. Socioempath-

      Sorry you lost me-I thought you had left.:(

      I did like your story!!! If you only "keep" 1 feeling, keep your "gut" feeling-it's right every time!!!

      I always feel better, when I get a post from you.:)

      You and "A" stoke my fire!!!

      It is "TIME FOR ME TO ROCK OUT", and I loved that song!!! I know I keep saying this, but I think that was my favorite song from you, yet.:)

      P.S. I know where your "hahahahahahaha's" come from, now.:)

      ~Vegas

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    2. Don't worry. Having an intact "emotional database" gives me an advantage and makes me "unique", and I can't and won't lose something that good. I consider them, combined with my logical mind, as the basis of my "gut instinct" - a mastery over both emotional and logical.

      Besides, barring any serious brain damage or (emotional or otherwise) trauma (and I consider myself basically impervious to any trauma), how can you lose something that's already deeply rooted inside you?

      I'd say to you to enjoy your day, but you already seem to do.
      Enjoy the journey then :-)

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    3. Socioempath-

      You are unique.:)

      Thanks for the song, and I hope you enjoy your day, too!!!

      ~Vegas

      Delete
  17. Socioempath-

    PS-"46 & 2"!!!

    ~Vegas

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  18. Something I find interesting, M.E., is how other people perceive what you have to express on matters of the morality of certain things as extreme. I don't think you're truly wrong about any of those ideas, others are simply imposing their own self serving morals upon you. I think it's quite very likely for us psychopaths though to subscribe to self serving morals. For example, religious psychopaths. They might be loose with how they abide by the moral code of their religion, but it is still buying into morality in order to better game the system of our environment.

    Something I think would be great is if we decriminalized all crime and abolished all criminal justice systems; I believe there is a multitude of benefits for society to be had from this, which I may cover in a future post, but I'm sure many readers will be able to cognitively grasp at what's to be gained from decriminalization of crime and abolishment of criminal justice systems by themselves if they push to critically examine and consider the facts and possibilities; I'm taking a evening stroll through downtown tonight.

    ESTP Sociopath

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  19. Hahahaaa!

    You tool. De-criminalize all crime? Great! Then you should have no objection to my tying your mother to a post and sodomizing her in front of your 12 year old brother, right?

    What a stupidly naive thing to say. Clearly you're all of 16 years old.

    Save the thesis for your master's degree in liberal ethics. Or share it here for me to rip to shreds. Your choice. ;)

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    Replies
    1. A-

      I think we are telepathically linked!!!

      ~Vegas

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    2. Well, "A", feel free to cling to your self serving morals; some of my logic behind decriminalizing crime is because if people are intelligent enough to be cognizant of the potential social fallout of committing a crime, they can decide for themselves if it is worth committing. We shouldn't have to have laws in place to invoke guilt and remorse in normal people, but instead expect them to make intelligent and responsible decisions for their community. Laws won't ever truly stop people from committing crimes; murder, for example, will always be apart of human behavior, and humans will always try to rationalize or reinforce the justification of murder with self serving morals (or lack of).

      Feel free to murder my mother in front of my older brother. In fact, feel free to murder them both. Human lives are but fleeting flames, sparking into existence and eventually extinguishing. All must die eventually, and if you kill them, that's fine. All things that happen, happen because it is meant to be so.

      I would prefer that we have a civil, constructive conversation. I'm all too willing to be diplomatic with you. Perhaps our conversation could be useful to the both of us.

      ESTP Sociopath

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    3. Estp I think you hit the nail on the head with the term self serving morals. I think that could be further translated to self protecting Morals-and of course sociopaths are opposed to anyone protecting ones self. Again morals in my opinion have nothing to do with rightor wrong but sociopaths love to put that spin on it. to make us all feel bad for being so closed minded. Really it's all about removing another barrier they feel they are above.

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    4. You're right. Our lives are but a vapour. But you are overestimating the average person when you state that you "expect people to be "cognizant of potential social fallout of committing a crime"- as though the majority of crimes were NOT motivated by self-interest.

      It is ironic that you should claim that I cling to self-serving morals, whilst in the same breath stating that the criminal justice system ought to be dismantled, because left to their own devices, most people will make “intelligent and responsible” decisions for their community. Some will indeed- but those are not the folks who end up in jail! The majority of criminals commit crimes for selfish reasons. Those of us who abide by a moral code frequently do so for the benefit of others. If anything, it is law breakers who are more self-serving. That said, *all* people are, to some extent, self-serving. Without this instinct, we would not survive.

      Even primitive tribes have rules, whether codified, or merely understood by their constituents. Of course morality can be self-serving- but it also promotes social cohesion. Moral codes and expectations can and do evolve over time, but laws are required for the maintenance of order within the fabric of any society.

      You are clearly very young. You are naïve, but intelligent. I will go out on a limb and state that I think you are projecting when you claim that most people will make intelligent and responsible decisions for their community- because such is *your* natural impulse- and the impulse of those who have the potential to become GOOD leaders, as opposed to merely self-serving despots.

      If you do in fact have sociopathic traits, then you are probably better suited to lead than most, by virtue of the make-up of your personality. I stand by my assessment that you should become an entrepreneur. I think this path would help you to make the most of your natural talents and gifts.

      **passes the joint along**. Wanna toke, M.E.?

      ;)

      Delete
  20. Great article! I hope this helps a lot of women out there.
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    ReplyDelete

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